E-catalog        

Библиогр.: 43 назв.

Basic quantum processes (such as particle creation,
reflection, and transmission on the corresponding
Klein steps) caused by inverse-square electric fields are calculated.
These results represent a new example of exact
nonperturbative calculations in the framework of QED. The
inverse-square electric field is time-independent, inhomogeneous
in the x -direction, and is inversely proportional to x
squared. We find exact solutions of the Dirac and Klein–
Gordon equations with such a field and construct corresponding
in- and out-states. With the help of these states
and using the techniques developed in the framework of
QED with x-electric potential steps, we calculate characteristics
of the vacuum instability, such as differential and
total mean numbers of particles created from the vacuum
and vacuum-to-vacuum transition probabilities.We study the
vacuum instability for two particular backgrounds: for fields
widely stretches over the x-axis (small-gradient configuration)
and for the fields sharply concentrates near the origin
x = 0 (sharp-gradient configuration).We compare exact
results with ones calculated numerically. Finally,we consider
the electric field configuration, composed by inverse-square
fields and by an x-independent electric field between them
to study the role of growing and decaying processes in the
vacuum instability.