E-catalog        

Библиогр.: 28 назв.

Представлены результаты сопоставительного исследования пунктуации 450 ско-рописных документов (распорядительных, докладных и просительных) XVIII в. в динамическом аспекте. Посредством применения грамматически-дипломатического метода выяв-лена жанровая зависимость в функционировании знаков препинания на границах и в соста-ве реквизитов формуляра, обнаружена корреляция статуса субъекта письма и пунктуаци-онного оформления коммуникативных интенций субъекта устной речи. The article addresses the formation of the Russian punctuation system and its dynamics over time. The research draws upon 450 archival documents of 82 genres preserved in the State Archive of Tyumen Oblast; some of them were published earlier by the author and oth-ers are introduced into the academic discourse for the first time. It was found that, during the reign of Catherine II (1762–1796), punctuation marks in Tyumen business documents had undergone significant changes in their quantity. As opposed to the 1760s, when every third document had no punctuation marks and the rest 35% had only one, at the end of the 18th century, only every seventh cursive business document was devoid of punctuation and twice as less (19%) documents contained only one punctuation mark. The study employs a gram-matical-diplomatic method of analysis based on a formulaic analysis of the document struc-ture by its distinctive structural components. It was established that structural parts of busi-ness documents could be marked by any punctuation mark: comma, semicolon, colon, etc. Tendencies in the “specialization” of punctuation marks depending on their use in the intro-ductory, main or final part of the business document were identified. It is argued that the main reason for adding punctuation marks to written business communication is a change in the text modality. Grammatical expression of volition in the pragmatic section of the main body of a document is often associated with a change of the writer/speaker. The article presents a classification of subjects of the oral and written speech in question, who, as a rule, are differ-ent in the studied documents. The author of the research compared and described how punctu-ation marks function in the documents of four genres: proposals (administrative types of doc-uments), pro memoria (types of reports), announcements and notifications (belong to request and report types). Genre correlation in the use and distribution of punctuation marks at the end of the structural parts of an abstract document was found. In proposals, reports and an-nouncements (documents with personalized subjects of the oral expression of volition), the end of the main body is more often marked by a punctuation mark to show transition to the “signature” part. As a rule, at this point, the main handwriting of the document (the handwrit-ing of the scrivener) changes to the handwriting of the subject of speech (subject of the voli-tion). In pro memoria, the most important part of the document in terms of punctuation is the date which reflects the stage of the document flow between colleagues, subjects of speech/writing (various offices) in their professional correspondence.