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The article deals with lexical and etymological analyses of names of ancient heroes transferred on the types of weapons and protective equipment based on English and German languages. The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that the ancient myths denoting the names of weapons and protective equipment are not sufficiently studied both in domestic and in foreign linguistics. The article gives the definitions to such notions as myth, mythonymy, mythonym, onomastics, general cultural lexicon, weapons, and protective equipment. Methods of etymological and lexical-semantic analysis and the method of continuous sampling were used in the study. The paper considers the following names of weapons and protective equipment in English and German languages, taken from ancient mythology and gives their thematic classification: swords, cudgels, tridents, spears, bows, arrows and shields. Their etymology is given for appropriate usage of types of weapons and protective equipment with a name of ancient hero in the process of intercultural communication. The author pays attention to the peculiarities of their spelling. As a result of lexical and etymological analysis the author comes to the conclusion that the peculiarity of names of ancient weapons and protective equipment with a component-mythonym in English and German languages is that they refer to general cultural lexicon as they are used in two or more languages, have one source language and they are the heritage of cultural world.